Liver Cirrhosis And Peripheral Stigmata

 Clinical picture of liver cirrhosis and peripheral stigmata: Schuppan D and Afdhal N 2008 illustrated many associated features of liver cirrhosis as follow Jaundice: occurs when serum bilirubin >2 mg/dl I due to hepatocyte

dysfunction to handle bilirubin excretion Spider angiomata:- central arteriole with tiny radiating vessels, mainly on trunk and face due to increase level of estrogen as decrease its hepatic degradation Splenomegaly due to Portal

 hypertension, leading to splenic congestion Ascites:- detected clinically when when ≥1.5 L as a result of Portal

 hypertension and hypoalbunemia Caput medusae:- obvious veins veins radiating from umbilicus due to portal hypertension, reopen umbilical vein Cruveilhier Baumgarten syndrome:-vascular murmur over umbilicus caused by Shunts from portal vein to umbilical vein branches.

Palmar erythema: increase estradiol estradiol due to decrease its degradation by liver. White nails:- Horizontal white bands over nails due to hypoalbuminemia 20 Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and Finger clubbing:- of long bones you can find Painful proliferative osteoarthropathy due to hypoxemia from right to left shunting and porto-pulmonary hypertension

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